How to Conduct a Oil Tankers Survey
this guideline for How to Conduct a Oil Tankers Survey on board a Motor Tanker of Oil Tanker Ship's Vessel, if you interest for a marine survey course please read below surveyor handbook guide notes for condition survey on board a oil tanker vessel as follow;
Surveyor Guide Notes for Oil Tankers Survey
An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a merchant ship designed for the bulk transport of oil. There are two basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker and the product tanker.
Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its
point of extraction to refineries. Product tankers, generally much
smaller, are designed to move petrochemicals from refineries to points
near consuming markets.
Oil tankers are often
classified by their size as well as their occupation. The size classes
range from inland or coastal tankers of a few thousand metric tons of
deadweight (DWT) to the mammoth ultra large crude carriers (ULCCs) of 550,000 DWT. Tankers move approximately 2,000,000,000 metric tons (2.2×109
short tons) of oil every year. Second only to pipelines in terms of
efficiency, the average cost of oil transport by tanker amounts to only
two or three United States cents per 1 US gallon (3.8 L).
Some specialized types of
oil tankers have evolved. One of these is the naval replenishment
oiler, a tanker which can fuel a moving vessel. Combination ore-bulk-oil
carriers and permanently moored floating storage units are two other
variations on the standard oil tanker design. Oil tankers have been
involved in a number of damaging and high-profile oil spills. As a
result, they are subject to stringent design and operational
regulations.
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source :http://marinesurveypractice.blogspot.com/2013/01/oil-tankers.html |
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